Archive

Posts Tagged ‘Chinese’

Nov
09

Be thought by Euramerican expert \” the mankind up to now since the most perfect fiber of discovery \” , say again \” the mankind the 2nd skin \” Chinese hemp dress, in Yageerji round development succeeds. Current, the whole world had 3 countries to master development of Chinese hemp fiber to use a technology only.


At present group of elegant dagger Er already developed production to give the product of sock, shirt, suit, trousers, place goods on trial sale such as underwear. The near future, design those who develop 160 shirts and make, on the exposition of dress of dress of 2009 China International this year March concentration is revealed. Additional, yageer still will be in next year Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou and Ning Bo open 4 large \” house of Chinese hemp life \” , release formally during rich of 2010 Shanghai world is met to the whole world.

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May
27

    “ commercial weekly publication “ the magazine labels LVMH Europe the most valuable one of, but to haing Buddha business school, the Zara of fashionable dress company of a Spain is more valuable.

   Globalization: Lose “ high blood relationship “ dangerous


  The Chinese does not accept the luxury that makes in China actually, this lets Jieniya CEO of alliance of strategy of company standing director, whole world, giorgio Delpiano feels very bemused.


“Homebred Jieniya is in China in of the market accept degree to compare Euramerican market actually even low, have Italian design already, can support mainland to make again, the price is more reasonable also, I do not understand the problem goes where. “ he says.


“The country of origin of raw ingredient of the blood relationship that buying what luxury buys is nobility and former juice is made, if be ‘ China is made ‘ , still be inferior to flat buy Chinese brand. “ a consumer says so. Actually, not only it is the Chinese does not accept the luxury that makes in China, the consumer of the developing country has this kind of feeling mostly. This kind of circumstance makes this brand is immersed in the condition that be in a dilemma: Remove one condition, it is the forfeiture of price advantage; Farther, it is the dilute of high blood relationship. This and China are made maintain what kind of distance, became the proposition that Jieniya weighs in the hand repeatedly.


In fact, delpiano should know, of the sale of this Italy top class brand of his place hold post is design, quality of a material and craft not just, still mean savour and the identity.


Wide be the story that circulate is, custom-built suit of edition of global set limit to needs a manual Jieniya 130 thousand yuan of RMB. Craftsman people what essence of life spins is the 12 abb to 13 micron, finished products looks even closer than silk even with naked eye. Fabrics has a demand to climate, need is far go to Switzerland to machine. Quantity of Italian top class technician is stylistic make, connect the button is the corneous make it with the hardest beasts. The whole technological process that make is as long as 50 days.


Family property hundred years, 3 generation are the grandparent and grandchild on Italian small town oneself do handiwork, it is the culture share that Jieniya alludes constantly. Ever making public a circumstance Charles of prince of Mitelang of the president before Clinton of the president before the United States, France, England to show a person with Jieniya, this is what can attract media is anecdotical.


Jieniya such with “ high “ bought a concern, hejie Niya is joint-stock established Xia Meng – meaning mercantile Chen Xiaoxiang says the Wen Zhou of outstanding dress limited company: “In China 40 % buy Jieniyaxi to install to the client of 50 % is to regard as the gift sends a person. “In China 40 % buy Jieniyaxi to install to the client of 50 % is to regard as the gift sends a person..


Acting 1980, jieniya comes to China to search the cashmere wool with best whole world and silk, the biggest gains that did not think of visit is the potential that discovered Chinese market. 1991, jieniya leaves in restaurant of well of Beijing king government office gave the first brand shop. In that times, the extravagant brand in Chinese heart or Peele – Ka Dan, crocodilian. In these brands in surrounding, “Jieniya “ the guest outside becoming a day almost, 8000 yuan of foreign currency certificate outstanding Buddhist nun inferior business suit, the gross wages that is equal to average worker of a China 3 years almost.


But of this inn open choose apparently was opposite time, to Chinese market, jieniya had the person that allow the same trade to admire at this point admired subtle touch, this lets Jieniya become in Chinese sales volume one of brands of the oldest top class men‘s clothing.


By 2007, jieniya owned store of nearly 60 doors in Chinese inland, integral sales revenue went up greatly 38 % , include harbor, bay, stage inside Chinese market surmounts Japan to become Jieniya gradually the whole world the 2nd big market.


In fact, in order to sell the Jieniyaben of fabrics build up the production actual strength of the body is very abundant also, itself has many partners in fashionable dress bound. A few main stylist brands are like cosmetic of Armani, Versace(, vanity) , the metropolis such as Gucci makes partial product You Jieni inferior acting labour, this let Jieniya own the Spain, Romania, Mexico acting plant that spreads all over world each district.


Have to choose “ China is made “ , cannot too too close, this is Jieniya is current “ live philosophy “ .


  Time VS cost, which important?


Fashionable bound has a kind of view: Why is the fashionable dress that week of 4 big fashionable dress carries before 8 months to have next year released? To company of most fashionable dress, they should cost 8 months to just turn the design into finished product at least. Working program is as follows: Cloth is purchased in A country, b country printing and dyeing, c country comes fine embroider of a essence carve, a skirt arises finally in D country.


The program of such heavy and complicated is envisaged to Zara barely. The major hand-me-down of Zara is mixed in Spain Portuguese make, finished product carries twice every week toward each brand shop. The design of Zara stylist, till be in the Zara brand shop of Paris, Tokyo,appear from finished product, time won‘t exceed two weeks. The tide of fashionable world suffers the United States last week is big probably, newest MTV of Maidangna is affected and decide, but the skill of Zara control speed is his giant the competitor cannot be likened to. Zara is OK the diversity according to designing a style, hand-me-down product cent is numerous thin: The design is much and money amount is very few. Undesirable product Zara falls into disuse quickly, in order to avoid merchandise keep long in stock finally must sacrifice is dropped.


Amingge of 60 years old – the author that Aotejia is Zara, he never accepts media to interview, what people knows to him is very little. Aotejia poor of one‘s previous experience, get education not much, 13 years old begin to be in Basailuona is become in a tailer‘s shop apprentice, probably this makes him adopt a kind old, simple however fruitful method engineering company, instead let Zara run in front. Can calls the Aotejia that individual asset is as high as 6 billion dollar one of people with the most wealthy Spain, the Bernard that is next to LVMH in fashionable bound – A Nao Er is special.


Beyond question, the mode of Zara is a challenge to globalization. After taking the place of 1970, the manufacturing industry of western world is built in the third world cheap on the foundation of labour force. Manufacturer puts the emphasis in seek the cheapest labor in order to reduce cost, pattern of this kind of industry makes a confirmed dependence feeling and scared feeling: Otherwise they will be beaten by adversary.


But to Zara, will be made and sell close connection, decrease at the same time goods in stock and avoid company branch numerous and jumbled cheaper than seeking labour force is more main. Zara searchs relatively cheap labor in Europe, this is one put upside down of direction “ give Egypt to write down “ , people is eastwardly set out the west. In Ha Fo the IESE institute of commercial courtyard and Spain looks, the new company pattern that the go against the stream of Zara did not come to namely, it has compared H&M of Gap of such as United States, Sweden, Italy the competitor such as Beinatong shifted to an earlier date " several years " .


Be in even the time of this globalization, production and carriage rate also mean situation to change benefit hair is important. Zara holds to “ Europe is made “ , in order to assure speed. Zara owns 1160 store in all, 80 % were occupied in Europe; Latin america has 70 store only; Middle east has 65 store; 6 inn are in the United States, and all is in new York; 15 inn are in Japan, all is in Tokyo. Zara avoids cautiously to expand indefinitely become giant.

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May
14

    Pass through the channel of days, the sky of history of look into the distance. The memory that remember to the end of one‘s life rises in the heart, force unplugs the lofty sentiments of the land of country is in the bosom agitate. Hardships and struggle, accompanying 7 wave brightness successfully with joyance grow with development. 1988, 7 brightness shoes take the history of limited company and memory to pull open heavy curtain formally from this day. 2009, the future of 7 wave brightness companies and dream the canto with new open.

Domain of dedicated teenage motion



Before 2003, the be current of cartoon culture let 7 wave brightness dig the first pail of gold, but as mad tide of cartoon children‘s footwear pervade ceaselessly, 7 wave brightness realize children‘s footwear industry has made the market of a supersaturation gradually. Spread out in enterprise of numerous cartoon children‘s footwear “ hand-to-hand combat “ when, 7 wave brightness begin to seek new market. Visit through market of nearly one year with research, 7 wave brightness discovered teenage sports market is blank almost, return neither one enough weighty brand can banner brightly is dedicated at satisfying the requirement of this one market. Cogitative later, 7 wave brightness decide comprehensive transition eventually, market of domain of motion of major of adolescent of thorough open up.


7 wave brightness take the lead in be being hit “ teenage sportswear has “ banner, production, sale all sorts of foundations move (tennis, football, basketball) outside waiting for kind of product, still include vogue to lie fallow if of all kinds recreational shoe, cloth shoe, T-shirt and fittings of of all kinds motion are like athletic socks, ice skate to wait,wait for a product. 7 wave brightness should offer the athletic solution of unifinication for consumer, want to offer the sportswear with best consumer to have not only, teach consumer even how to enjoy exercise, enjoy the life.


Take the lead in starting strategy of star acting character


2004, 7 wave brightness hold equipment market to extend teenage exercise energetically, with the price that does not poor and autograph of the Sun Yue after musical circle day makes an appointment with figure spokesman at that time, the appeal force of Yue of grandson of have the aid of, 7 wave brightness spend rapid promotion in the brand acknowledge of teenage sneaker industry, retail site is rapid also and outspread, market sale advance rapidly.


2005, the transmission that waits for a respect in spokesman, advertisement, sales promotion throws 7 wave brightness capital of a huge sum, held in those days 30% what transmission of whole teenage sneaker throws. High-frequency brand exposure, won larger market space for 7 wave brightness, the difference of 7 wave brightness and other competition brand is pulled further big, 7 wave brightness also increase increasingly in the competition ability of sale channel respect, become the bibcock company of this one domain. In the meantime, 7 wave brightness are made went out “ make Chinese teenage sportswear have the first brand “ development target.


2007, 7 wave brightness weigh a fist to hit out again, the autograph makes an appointment with Li Yu spring to take up the post of ambassador of brand new form, become the company that course of study of person of the same trade starts double star first times to set Dai Yan strategy.


The Olympic Games that 2008 is China year, each big campaign brand takes the advantage of this opportunity to develop activities of all sorts of assistance sex public relations in succession, and be in early September 2007, 7 wave brightness are organized “ teenage boost the morale of is round “ sale of characteristic of large series Olympic Games is interactive activity, pass terminal and network media, hold “ guess of Olympic Games knowledge “ , “ super FANS chooses Li Yu spring greatly “ wait for an activity, the adolescent that is China provides a good platform, make more adolescent pays close attention to an Olympic Games with cogent action, in participating in an Olympic Games, come. Make contribution to promote the tremendous development of industry of Chinese adolescent motion thereby. 7 wave brightness lead industry of whole teenage exercise to walk out of an efficient, high yield to give the way of compared Olympic Games sale through these activities.


Pay close attention to teenage culture development


In September 2007, wu Shouzhang of vice-chairman of national Olympic committee visits 7 wave brightness companies, to 7 wave brightness the development strategy in domain of teenage professional sport made huge affirmation, spoke very highly of 7 wave brightness move in grand raise adolescent culture, advance teenage motion to specialization, the exploration of industrialization respect, devote oneself to teenage sports market to pursue strategy of fine become divided to 7 wave brightness, the brand that walks out of own innovation builds viatic hard to try to express admiration, wu Shouzhang returns epigraph “ revitalize Chinese adolescent to move “ give encourage.


After 7 wave brightness enter field of teenage professional sport oneself, pay close attention to health of teenage body and mind to develop all the time. In April 2008, 7 wave brightness took the lead in beginning in the industry again “ growing proposal of care adolescent health “ activity, and still invited brand ambassador Li Yu spring visits the spot to aid blast, appeal society all circles pays close attention to adolescent to grow together, the body and mind of care adolescent is healthy.


Through old exploration and development, chen Jinbo realises general manager of 7 wave brightness company, should dig the commercial value of teenage culture adequately, 7 wave brightness affirm finally “ develop teenage motion culture “ regard 7 wave brightness as long-term core competition ability, develop all the time go down.


Get fashionable speech right


In October 2008, 7 wave brightness combine the country such as company of magazine of company of magazine of China of association of Chinese fashion colour, colour, popular trend first authoritative orgnaization is held jointly “ teenage dress of Chun Xia China is popular 2009 trend news briefing “ , the development belt of teenage dress of China of this grand meeting general entered a new era.


2008 is 7 wave brightness those who drive a product to upgrade is important a year, 7 wave brightness weigh gold to invite international vogue to design an expert to design adviser for dress, promote product research and development the standard, make product more trend of joint international popularity, rolled out sportswear of professional teenage ping-pong early or late the design of different campaign series such as equipment of exercise of equipment, professional teenage badminton, the product is provided more professional. In addition, 7 wave brightness companies guide in the round system of DIS research and development. By 2008, sale of 7 wave brightness product break up one time.


2009, 7 wave brightness make society of Chinese fashion colour “ base of research and development of colour of equipment of Chinese adolescent exercise “ enterprise, card ceremony is awarded in base in, standing vice-chairman Liang Yong represents association of Chinese fashion colour, 7 wave brightness become base of research and development of colour of equipment of Chinese adolescent exercise, it is right 7 wave brightness work in product colour research and development and innovation the affirmation of each respect actual strength. Colour is the main factor that makes dress. Settle of base of research and development of colour of equipment of Chinese adolescent exercise 7 wave brightness, it is to hope 7 wave brightness are in have the aid of the good consequence of teenage motion domain, association of Chinese fashion colour and the popular climate research that 7 wave brightness devote oneself to teenage kit to act the role of kind of product together, forecast with development, the fashionable speech in striving for domestic teenage shoe to take an industry to compete in international jointly counterpoises.


On April 12, 2009, sponsor jointly with 7 wave brightness companies by association of Chinese fashion colour, association of design of spin of fashionable association of Asian colour federation, Japan, Korea is combined assist do, get association of Chinese science and technology and association of Chinese textile industry coach energetically “ peak of fashionable originality of the first Sino-Japanese Han news briefing of trend of popularity of meeting and Asian teenage dress “ in Fujian spring city Olympic garden is held ceremoniously. This grand meeting is fixed eyes upon by all circles, come from many fashionable expert of medium, day, Han, many 40 authoritative medium and many 1000 “ 7 wave brightness “ countrywide representative agency assembles in the spot, with respect to teenage dress popularity the fashionable topic such as the trend spreads out discuss. This the conference is 7 wave brightness what Xiang Yazhou and even world reveal culture of Chinese adolescent motion is new begin, it is 7 wave brightness march toward Asian scenic the first pace.

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May
11

    Indeed, if undertake match inside world category, be able to bear or endure the two big tycoons that gram and Adidasi are be worthy of of sporting goods category, no matter be the amount that its sales revenue, autograph stars about and quality, and even advertising is cast etc, swing other competitor in back aloof. However, enter from these two brands into China, must the native land brand that a China makes germinant delibrate, as a result of, this brand is controlling the sale amount with the largest market of Chinese sporting goods. This brand, namely “ Li Ning “ .

Li Ning, brand > individual


A few years ago, in 21 centuries at the beginning of, china makes “ Li Ning “ , had shown great life strength, category of things of Yo of the polity in was being become succeeds the first times the native land brand that has crab. In be able to bear or endure gram, Adidasi, in the competition of the ab extra brand such as or acute pace, young tiger horse, “Li Ning “ still can obtain such beautiful accomplishment, must let a person look at with new eyes. The member that attract the activity of world vision from changes the trader that attracts world view for, li Ning‘s success lets countless carry start the road to be in business to be full of envisage, this also caused to launch the brand storm that the name names in order to carry directly. However, from the point of market report, not be all star brand can resemble Li Ning succeeding so, although their person that found is having likewise illustrious meritorious military service in sport, does the reason where?


The expert is in receive when visitting, ever behaved, star brand changes most the move that golden eggs depends on fast and rising new brand undoubtedly the name is spent, namely economy of so called attention, however, complete brand asset is not famous only merely degree, still involve moral character acknowledge, brand to associate to be spent piously with the brand etc. But star mostly brand however often unwary the brand construction of this one part, make a figure of speech, “Mi Lu “ wine admittedly price is high, but think its moral character can exceed “ 5 grain fluid “ however amount to is very few, accordingly, since cannot form complete brand capital fund, brand nature is met vanish in a flash. This shows, besides the effect of star itself, the victory of Li Ning company on the one hand the commerce that more profit from mature gradually is run.


And the angle that builds from the brand, “Li Ning “ in the beginning of the brand is built with respect to establish the development line that replaces an individual to esteem with brand connotation. In casting motion to live too brilliant success does not say to the pressure of brand oneself, also go against gift for the brand different connotation. This also is why to be so much entrepreneur dresses up him automatically perhaps, passively perhaps into a star, perform the be particular about of new personality old person in art circle to promote to a high office rate giving looking glass, or even if be mixed first while a face is familiar, once legend character, today‘s business circles stars Li Ning holds to painstakingly gradually however low-key, the reason with removed public and further and further media is in.


Be opposite oneself of the activity know, persistence and seek make after those who be culture of Li Ning brand is basic, “Li Ning “ act the part that has an a large stockholder, president morely. Today‘s Li Ning brand, had enveloped the product line of a few old series such as basketball, football and tennis things, of Li Ning company specialization the explanatory note that the group already had deeper arrangement to Li Ning brand, gift its are more youthful, more the brand connotation that is full of vivid gas. Probably, triumphal ground notes concept of a kind of sports receive a trademark in the center, just be Li Ning brand can hobby of the wide person that suffer expenditure, assume the crucial point seat that geometrical class adds.


Set foot on specializationed road


Mention be able to bear or endure gram, people can think of basketball in spite of oneself; Speak of Adidasi, people is met ground of cannot help doing sth thinks of a football, of brand of sports of professional melt into deepen ceaselessly brought great influence. Regard Chinese sporting goods as the brand get a soldier, “Li Ning “ same specialization regarded as the first class major issue that should stress above all.


Set foot on specializationed road oneself germinant, li Ning company will specialization the base that attribute establish expands for the enterprise, the research and development the product regards the leg of record of a ceaseless invention, refresh record. 1998, the company established the products plan of the first clothing of native land company and shoe to develop a center, take the lead in becoming the company of Chinese sporting goods of own development; 1999, li Ning company and SAP company cooperate, introduce AFS dress and shoe line of business to solve a plan, become the first sporting goods company of Chinese that executes ERP; 2004, li Ning company and science of motion of human body of university of Hong Kong Chinese fasten collaboration, the mechanical feature of the sneaker that to Li Ning the company produces undertakes unripe material resources learns a test athletic, establish the foot that professional carry starts database, undertake counting be mixinged according to collect analysing to professional sport characteristic, progress further thereby of the product professional with easy measurable; This year, li Ning company and orgnaization of foreign research and development cooperate, in August 2004, li Ning company and Ned Fred of company of American Exeter research and development – Dr. Erick cooperates, devote oneself to the research and development of skill of core of shoe of Li Ning activity jointly, october, with DRD design office cooperates, into baggage the design of peaceful sneaker works, center of research and development will be established in Hong Kong on November 8, concentration is in charge of designing product of dress of Li Ning card.


Holding to “ have something made to order personally for Oriental quantity “ gist, “Li Ning “ after each product comes out, earned the interest of the person that large quantities of home are cost. Plus the fashionable design that combines Chinese characteristic, be like “ Li Ning “ design to join the Chinese delegation of the Olympic Games “ samite China “ etc, “Li Ning “ portray a style of a kind of east successfully, nike Air Yeezy.


Develop an Asia, trend world


“Develop an Asia, trend world “ , these 8 words to most Chinese character, be be skilful at really cannot again be skilful at, this a copy for the record or for reproduction is used at encouraging China male in the each sports facilities that sufficient catchword has been used to China by general favourable geographical position, it is the body of a few industries besides sports even go up, in this respect, sea Er is a when do quite crackajackly undoubtedly.


In fact, “Li Ning “ already germinant for “ trend world “ and prepare. 2001, the store of the first abroad image of Li Ning company in Spain Sangtande holds water; In September 2002, li Ning company to join Spain of tounament of female basket of the 14th world female basket furnished the contest is taken. In addition, “Li Ning “ the principle that acts on coadjutant mutual benefit with the agency of overseas market undertakes the brand is popularized ceaselessly, aid financially French gymnastics delegation of undergraduate of Russia of team of gymnastics of Czech of team, aid, aid is waited a moment, “Li Ning “ the strength that increases its sports sale ceaselessly and limits, accelerate the internationalization process of the brand further.


On the 2004 Athens Olympic Games that holds this summer, besides as always aid China delegacy, li Ning brand still emerges was in on the body that is like Spanish male basket to wait for foreign team, this understands the victory of internationalization of Li Ning brand in the explain on sure level. As wear “ Li Ning “ Chinese good athlete gets award platform on Cicidedeng, “Li Ning “ brand value and connotation are able to reflect amply.


The somebody after the Olympic Games jape, olympic Games sale as stake, for instance, mcdonald‘s detain was opposite Guo brilliant, the detain that bring profit was opposite Tian Liang, coke Cola detain was opposite Liu Xiang, and “ Li Ning “ criterion as always detain was opposite Chinese delegacy, still include Spanish male goal, wear “ Li Ning “ overcame wear be able to bear or endure the Chinese male basket of the gram. Although partial compatriots feels gloomy quite to this, but to consideration “ Li Ning “ for the people that waits for development of card of home made product, also do not have not not be a favour. Zhang Zhiyong of CEO of limited company of Li Ning sporting goods ever had said: “The internationalization of the internationalization of the brand and market should leave look upon. It is to want above all brand of internationalization of enterprise fashion into, the consider that just is market internationalization next and expand. “ look today, the internationalization of Li Ning brand already shaped with each passing day, so, is the internationalization of the market still met far?

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May
05

    On October 12, in “ dress of 2009 China spin culture of 10 old brands “ recommend on the meeting, zhen Weisi international (Hong Kong) Mr Yang Xun is taking limited company president “ end criterion pay attention to one‘s own moral uplift without thought of others, amount to a the world holding be apt to concurrently “ individual concept, receive in glory “ culture of brand of Chinese spin dress builds worthy “ title. Meanwhile, zhen Weisi international (Hong Kong) limited company, by right of will be opposite for years of beneficent commonweal career support energetically, behead of with one action is obtained “ 2009 China spin enterprise of culture of 10 old brands “ reach “ culture of brand of dress of 2009 China spin transmits award “ two special honour; Of group of as congeneric as Zhen Weisi the rising sun take the plant that make the clothing greatly (benefit city) limited company is obtained “ award of harmony of relationship of countrywide spin working “ .


Language of Wei of Mr Yang Xun, Liu is crude with chairman of association of Chinese textile industry group photo of Du Yu continent


Choose this, share the enterprise of spin of more than 180 key that comes from the whole nation to attend choose, zhen Weisi passes all the way close behead general, show itself in numerous enterprise, in bursa of income of 3 culture of brand of Chinese spin industry highest and honorary all, become the surveyor‘s pole that culture of Chinese spin brand builds very quickly.


To 3 when this behead obtains large award, president Yang Xun expresses Zhen Weisi: “The development of the enterprise comes from social support, obtain great progress when the enterprise so when, should assume more social responsibility, pass on a society doubly. This bear the palm, can saying is the sufficient affirmation that to Zhen Weisi brand culture construction makes. But at the same time, I also feel the mission of the responsibility on him body and bear is heavier. Future, zhen Weisi is met certainly as always supportive commonweal charities, contribute a force to build harmonious society. Contribute a force to build harmonious society..



Mr Yang Xun appears on the stage to receive award (brand culture builds a character)


“Dress of 2009 China spin culture of 10 old brands “ recommend can build association to sponsor by culture of company of spin of association of Chinese textile industry, China, it is the one big great event of Chinese spin industry, activity that day, du Yu of chairman of association of Chinese textile industry continent wait to show up in succession participate in. Introduce according to controller of association of Chinese textile industry, as the rapid growth of our country textile industry, to brand big country by spin big country change pace also is being quickened gradually, “China is created “ the inevitable choice that has made a period.


Large award of culture of Chinese textile brand already held many, its evaluate a course is to emphasize brand contribution rate, additional cost is in its brand the be among the best of candidates in congener product; 2 it is outstanding culture creativity, its brand has rich culture connotation and culture competition ability; 3 it is to pay attention to industry force, to be in industry of arms of industry file leader, the brand is had in the market know higher the name is spent, the consumptive group that credit spends He Zhongcheng. Its are specific the condition covered the multinomial standard such as responsibility of brand, character, culture, innovation, science and technology, sincere letter, society, tasted card value to rise to lead demonstrative action actively to promoting spin the trade.

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